:root{color-scheme:light;--bg: #eeeae1;--surface: #f6f3ed;--ink: #191c1a;--text: #595b54;--muted: #68685f;--line: #c5c1b7;--accent: #b74523;--display-accent: #d95b31;--font-serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Baskerville", "Palatino Linotype", Georgia, serif;--font-sans: Inter, system-ui, sans-serif;--font-mono: "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;--page-gutter: clamp(22px, 5.3vw, 80px);font-family:var(--font-sans)}:root[data-theme=dark]{color-scheme:dark;--bg: #191d1b;--surface: #232a25;--ink: #eeeae1;--text: #b8bcb2;--muted: #a9ada2;--line: #485047;--accent: #ed9b76;--display-accent: #ed9b76}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]){color-scheme:dark;--bg: #191d1b;--surface: #232a25;--ink: #eeeae1;--text: #b8bcb2;--muted: #a9ada2;--line: #485047;--accent: #ed9b76;--display-accent: #ed9b76}}*,*:before,*:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:30px;background:var(--bg)}body{margin:0;color:var(--ink);background:var(--bg);font-size:16px;line-height:1.7;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}[hidden]{display:none!important}::selection{background:var(--accent);color:var(--bg)}a{color:inherit;text-underline-offset:.22em;text-decoration-thickness:1px;transition:color .18s ease}a:hover{color:var(--accent)}button,select{font:inherit;color:inherit}button{cursor:pointer}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:5px}img,svg{max-width:100%;height:auto}img{display:block}h1,h2,h3,p,figure{margin-top:0}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.045em;line-height:1.1;overflow-wrap:break-word}h2{font-size:clamp(34px,4vw,54px)}h3{font-size:30px}p{margin-bottom:1.4em}.container{width:min(100% - var(--page-gutter) * 2,1280px);margin-inline:auto}.site-shell{min-height:100vh;display:flex;flex-direction:column}main{flex:1;min-width:0;padding-bottom:100px}.skip-link{position:absolute;top:-100px;left:20px;z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:var(--bg);padding:12px 20px}.skip-link:focus{top:10px}.nav{min-height:82px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.brand{font-size:24px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.065em;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap}.brand span{color:var(--display-accent)}.nav-links{display:flex;gap:clamp(18px,3vw,40px);align-items:center}.nav-links>a{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em;font-size:11px;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;padding-block:12px;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}.nav-links>a[aria-current]{border-bottom-color:var(--ink)}.theme-toggle{flex-shrink:0;width:44px;height:44px;border:1px solid var(--line);background:transparent;border-radius:50%;font-size:22px;line-height:1}.theme-toggle:hover{color:var(--accent);border-color:currentColor}.journal-ribbon{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding-block:12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);font:10px/1.6 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.13em}.journal-ribbon i{display:inline-block;width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--display-accent);margin-right:10px;vertical-align:middle}.section-kicker{display:block;color:var(--accent);font:600 11px/1.7 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.15em;margin:0 0 20px;text-decoration:none}.hero{padding-block:clamp(65px,8vw,120px)}.hero-main{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 300px;gap:60px;align-items:end;margin-top:30px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(64px,8.4vw,126px);line-height:1.01;letter-spacing:-.065em;margin:0}.hero h1 em{color:var(--display-accent);font-weight:400}.hero-aside{border-left:1px solid var(--line);padding-left:24px;margin-bottom:5px}.hero-aside p{font-size:14px;line-height:1.8}.text-link{display:inline-block;font:600 11px/1.7 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em;text-decoration:none;padding-block:8px;border-bottom:1px solid currentColor}.feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;background:#1d2621;color:#eeeae1}.feature-copy{padding:clamp(30px,5vw,72px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start}.feature-copy .section-kicker{color:#efb08e}.feature h2{font-size:clamp(42px,4.6vw,70px);margin-block:28px}.feature h2 a{text-decoration:none}.feature h2 a:hover,.feature .text-link:hover{color:#efb08e}.feature p:not(.section-kicker){color:#bbc4b9;font-size:14px;max-width:430px}.runtime-art{margin:0;padding:28px;background:radial-gradient(ellipse at center,#34483a,#1d2621 75%);color:#c5cec5;border:1px solid #48574b;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column}.runtime-art svg{display:block;width:min(100%,540px)}.runtime-art figcaption{font:10px/1.7 var(--font-mono);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-top:12px}.runtime-art.compact{margin:20px;padding:24px}.writing-section{padding-top:100px;scroll-margin-top:30px}.editorial-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:40px;padding-bottom:24px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--ink)}.editorial-heading h2{font-size:clamp(48px,6vw,84px);line-height:1;margin:0;letter-spacing:-.055em}.editorial-heading h2 span{color:var(--display-accent)}.editorial-heading>p{max-width:330px;margin:0;color:var(--text);font-size:13px}.writing-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.writing-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:64px minmax(0,1fr) 115px 28px;gap:24px;padding:32px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);text-decoration:none;transition:color .18s,padding .18s}.writing-item:hover{padding-inline:10px}.writing-item h3{font-size:clamp(28px,3.1vw,44px);margin:6px 0 14px}.writing-item p{font-size:13px;color:var(--text);margin:0;max-width:720px}.note-number,.note-date,.note-topic{font:11px/1.6 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.04em;color:var(--muted)}.note-number,.note-date{padding-top:6px}.note-topic{font-size:10px}.note-date span{display:block;margin-top:4px}.note-arrow{font-size:24px;line-height:1.4}.index-footer{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;padding-top:25px;font:11px var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted)}.journal-context{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.2fr .8fr;gap:10%;padding-top:100px}.journal-context p:not(.section-kicker){color:var(--text);font-size:15px}.focus-list{list-style:none;margin:0 0 32px;padding:0}.focus-list li{padding-block:4px}.focus-list li:before{content:"↗";color:var(--accent);margin-right:14px}.topic-links{display:grid}.topic-links a{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;padding-block:16px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);font-size:14px;text-decoration:none}.page-hero{padding-block:85px 60px}.page-hero h1{font-size:clamp(52px,7.5vw,104px);max-width:1050px;margin-bottom:32px;letter-spacing:-.055em}.page-hero p:not(.section-kicker){max-width:760px;font-size:18px;color:var(--text)}.section{padding-bottom:65px}.section-header{max-width:800px;margin-bottom:30px}.lede{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:22px;line-height:1.75;color:var(--text)}.background-list{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:28px 60px}.background-item{padding-block:25px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.background-item strong{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-weight:400;font-size:30px}.background-item p{color:var(--text);font-size:15px;max-width:580px;margin:12px 0 0}.timeline{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:24px}.timeline-step{flex:1 1 180px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:20px}.timeline-step span{display:block;color:var(--accent);font:11px var(--font-mono);margin-bottom:14px}.timeline-step strong{font-weight:400;font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:26px}.button{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;text-decoration:none;font:600 11px/1.7 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em;padding:8px 0}.link-row,.cta-row{display:flex;gap:24px;margin-top:28px}.contact-list{max-width:850px}.contact-list a{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:30px;padding-block:26px;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.contact-list strong{font:400 30px var(--font-serif)}.contact-list span{color:var(--text);overflow-wrap:anywhere}.topic-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:40px}.topic-entry{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;text-decoration:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:28px}.topic-entry h2{font-size:36px;margin-bottom:20px}.topic-entry p{color:var(--text);font-size:14px}.topic-entry .text-link{margin-top:auto}.writing-filters{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:14px;padding-block:24px;font:12px/1.5 var(--font-mono)}.writing-filters select,.writing-filters button{min-height:44px;padding:10px 14px;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--line);max-width:100%}.writing-filters select{min-width:180px}.article-header{padding-top:45px}.back-link{color:var(--muted);border:0}.article-heading-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 190px;gap:65px;align-items:end;padding-block:75px 50px}.article-heading-grid h1{font-size:clamp(54px,7.8vw,112px);line-height:1.02;letter-spacing:-.06em;margin:24px 0 30px}.article-subtitle{max-width:750px;font-size:19px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--text);margin:0}.article-details{border-left:1px solid var(--line);margin:0 0 7px;padding-left:24px;font:11px/1.7 var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted)}.article-details div+div{margin-top:26px}.article-details dt{color:var(--ink);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px}.article-details dd{margin:0}.article-header>.runtime-art{min-height:340px}.article-header>.runtime-art svg{width:min(100%,450px)}.article-body-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(150px,1fr) minmax(0,740px) minmax(65px,.65fr);gap:40px;padding-top:70px;align-items:start}.article-toc{position:sticky;top:30px;max-height:calc(100vh - 60px);overflow-y:auto}.article-toc .section-kicker{color:var(--ink);font-size:10px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:12px}.article-toc ol{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.article-toc a{display:block;text-decoration:none;padding:8px 0;color:var(--muted);font:11px/1.7 var(--font-mono)}.article-toc a:hover,.article-toc a[aria-current]{color:var(--accent)}.article-toc a[aria-current]{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px}.article-rail{font:10px/1.7 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--muted);text-align:right}.prose{min-width:0;font:20px/1.8 var(--font-serif);overflow-wrap:break-word}.prose>:first-child{margin-top:0}.prose p{margin-bottom:1.5em}.prose h2{font-size:clamp(34px,3.8vw,48px);line-height:1.15;margin:70px 0 26px;scroll-margin-top:32px}.prose h3{font-size:30px;margin:40px 0 20px}.prose li{margin-bottom:12px;padding-left:4px}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:26px}.prose a{text-decoration-color:var(--accent)}.prose blockquote,.prose .callout{margin:35px 0;padding:10px 0 10px 26px;border-left:2px solid var(--display-accent)}.prose blockquote p{font-style:italic;margin:0}.prose code{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.75em}.prose :not(pre)>code{background:var(--surface);padding:.15em .3em;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.prose pre{max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;padding:26px;margin:30px 0;border:1px solid var(--line);font:14px/1.7 var(--font-mono);tab-size:2}.prose pre code{font-size:inherit}.astro-code,.astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-light);background-color:var(--shiki-light-bg)}:root[data-theme=dark] .astro-code,:root[data-theme=dark] .astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-dark);background-color:var(--shiki-dark-bg)}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]) .astro-code,:root:not([data-theme=light]) .astro-code span{color:var(--shiki-dark);background-color:var(--shiki-dark-bg)}}:root .prose pre[data-language=text],:root .prose pre[data-language=text] span{color:var(--ink);background:var(--surface)}.prose table{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;border-collapse:collapse;margin:30px 0;font:14px/1.7 var(--font-sans)}.prose th,.prose td{min-width:145px;padding:16px;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.prose th{background:var(--surface)}.table-scroll{overflow-x:auto}.table-scroll table{display:table;width:100%}.prose figure{margin:36px 0}.prose figcaption{font:12px/1.6 var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);margin-top:12px}.prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-block:40px}.prose .article-end{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);padding-top:24px;margin-top:65px;font:10px/1.8 var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase}.reading-progress{position:fixed;inset:0 0 auto;height:3px;z-index:50;pointer-events:none}.reading-progress span{display:block;height:100%;background:var(--display-accent);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left}.article-endmatter{padding-top:65px}.author-note{max-width:650px}.author-note p:not(.section-kicker){color:var(--text)}.tag-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;padding:0;margin:30px 0;list-style:none}.tag-list a{display:block;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:8px 12px;text-decoration:none;font:11px/1.7 var(--font-mono)}.tag-list a:hover{border-color:var(--accent)}.adjacent-notes{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:50px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:32px;margin-top:45px}.adjacent-notes a{text-decoration:none}.adjacent-notes span{display:block;color:var(--muted);font:11px var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:18px}.adjacent-notes strong{font:400 30px/1.2 var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:-.03em}.related-notes{padding-top:80px}.related-notes>h2{margin-bottom:26px}.site-footer{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:30px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:50px}.footer-motto{font:400 clamp(28px,3vw,40px)/1.2 var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:-.04em;margin-bottom:15px}.site-footer small{font:10px/1.7 var(--font-mono);color:var(--muted)}.site-footer nav{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:24px}.site-footer a{font:600 10px/1.7 var(--font-mono);text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap;padding-block:10px}@media(max-width:1100px){.hero-main{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 240px;gap:35px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(64px,8.7vw,100px)}.article-body-grid{grid-template-columns:165px minmax(0,740px);gap:32px}.article-rail{display:none}.article-heading-grid{gap:35px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 160px}.topic-grid{gap:24px}.site-footer{flex-wrap:wrap}}@media(max-width:800px){.hero-main{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:35px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(62px,11.5vw,90px);max-width:720px}.hero-aside{max-width:480px}.feature{grid-template-columns:1fr}.feature-copy{padding:36px}.feature h2{font-size:52px}.runtime-art.compact{margin-top:0}.runtime-art.compact svg{max-width:380px}.editorial-heading{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:22px}.writing-item{grid-template-columns:32px minmax(0,1fr) 24px;gap:16px}.note-date{grid-column:2;grid-row:2;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:15px;padding:0}.note-date span{margin:0}.note-arrow{grid-column:3;grid-row:1}.journal-context{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:45px}.topic-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:40px}.topic-entry p{max-width:600px}.article-heading-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:32px;padding-top:55px}.article-details{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));border-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 0 0;gap:16px}.article-details div+div{margin-top:0}.article-body-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,740px);padding-top:40px}.article-toc{position:static;max-height:none;padding-bottom:20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.article-toc ol{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 24px}.article-toc .section-kicker{border:0;padding:0;margin-bottom:8px}.article-header>.runtime-art{min-height:0}.background-list{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0}.article-heading-grid h1{font-size:clamp(48px,9vw,76px)}}@media(max-width:480px){main{padding-bottom:65px}.nav{gap:12px;min-height:76px}.brand{font-size:18px}.nav-links{gap:12px}.nav-links>a{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.04em}.theme-toggle{width:34px;height:34px;font-size:20px}.journal-ribbon{font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.07em}.journal-ribbon>span:last-child{display:none}.section-kicker{font-size:10px}.hero{padding-block:60px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(48px,13.8vw,66px)}.hero-main{margin-top:24px}.hero-aside{padding-left:18px}.feature-copy{padding:28px}.feature h2{font-size:44px}.runtime-art{padding:14px}.runtime-art.compact{padding:12px;margin:0 14px 14px}.runtime-art figcaption{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.02em}.writing-section,.journal-context{padding-top:65px}.writing-item{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 20px;gap:12px;padding-block:25px}.note-number{display:none}.note-date{grid-column:1}.note-arrow{grid-column:2}.writing-item h3{font-size:30px}.writing-item:hover{padding-inline:0}.index-footer{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}.page-hero{padding-block:60px 35px}.page-hero h1{font-size:48px}.page-hero p:not(.section-kicker){font-size:16px}.article-header{padding-top:28px}.article-heading-grid{padding-block:45px 35px}.article-heading-grid h1{font-size:49px}.article-subtitle{font-size:17px}.article-details{font-size:10px;gap:12px}.article-details dt{letter-spacing:.04em}.prose{font-size:19px;line-height:1.8}.prose pre{font-size:12px;padding:18px}.prose h2{margin-top:50px;font-size:36px}.prose h3{font-size:28px}.adjacent-notes{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:35px}.contact-list a{flex-direction:column;gap:10px}.site-footer{padding-block:35px}}@media(max-width:360px){.nav{flex-wrap:wrap;padding-block:12px}.nav-links{width:100%;justify-content:space-between}.article-heading-grid h1{font-size:43px}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*:before,*:after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}@media print{:root,:root[data-theme],:root:not([data-theme]){--bg: #fff;--surface: #fff;--ink: #000;--text: #222;--muted: #444;--line: #aaa;--accent: #333;--display-accent: #333;color-scheme:light}.site-header,.journal-ribbon,.article-toc,.reading-progress,.article-rail,.site-footer,.related-notes,.adjacent-notes,.back-link,.theme-toggle{display:none}.container{width:100%}.article-heading-grid{padding-top:0}.article-heading-grid h1{font-size:40pt}.article-body-grid{display:block}.prose{font-size:12pt}.prose pre{white-space:pre-wrap;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.prose pre,.prose pre span{color:#000!important;background:#fff!important}main{padding:0}}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/inter-latin-400-normal.C38fXH4l.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/inter-latin-400-normal.CyCys3Eg.woff) format("woff")}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/inter-latin-600-normal.LgqL8muc.woff2) format("woff2"),url(/_astro/inter-latin-600-normal.CiBQ2DWP.woff) format("woff")}